Hosting a dinner party for friends Essay Example for Free

Hosting a dinner party for friends Essay Ask how many guests will be coming for the dinner. Determine if any of the guests have any special food requirements like being vegetarian or any food allergies. Determine what the budget is for the dinner party. Plan the menu for the dinner; take note of serving nutritious and delicious food. Identify what dishes will be served and list all of the ingredients and the required tools for preparing the ingredients. Go to the market to purchase all the needed ingredients. Recruit help from willing family members to help in the dinner preparation. Set the theme for the dinner and buy flowers and fruits for the centerpiece. Prepare and cook the dishes for the dinner. Clean the house and make sure there is enough room for each person. During Make sure that guests are comfortably seated. Provide entertainment or keep the conversation flowing smoothly. Make sure that the food is well presented and served in order. Ample time is given for the guests to digest the food before serving the dessert. Personal necessities like going to the bathroom, flossing, washing their hands and the like are provided. After Supervise the cleaning up of the dinner table. Wash the plates and cutlery before going to bed. Left-over dishes should be stored properly. Make sure that everything is cleaned and tidied for the next day.

Research Design Primary Data Methods Marketing Essay

Research Design Primary Data Methods Marketing Essay To determine Britains substantial growth and unexploited opportunities in caffeine markets Starbucks can research on first-hand information that isnt readily available. Starbucks having access to a lot of information during its research has hired a research organization like Bruzzone. (Lamb C.W. et al, 2008). Also having to re-evaluate the current business activities, customers, product mix and store design to avoid closures and decline in the market share like in Australia and also America, in order to adapt in Britain they have carried out primary marketing research plan, to understand the consumer attitudes towards Starbucks, as follows: Surveys: The customers or the public are asked for their opinions. The demographics and segmentation taken into account. Examples include where the customers are asked questions about their frequency of coffee consumption. The answer being rated between criteria of options we gain a quantitative insight of information. Sampling: A method where the validity of information can be established by selecting a random sample of candidates from the entire population. Non- Probability Sampling involves selection on a subjective basis and not computable, Being more dependent on the researchers personal judgment. Starbucks can use this qualitative method to assess diverse information such as customer ethnicities, attitudes and brand equity. Also with convenience sampling Starbucks holds coffee tasting sessions, and mobile sampling methods which allow reaching a wider audience also to emphasize the culture and experience of Starbucks. (Starbucks, 2010) Personal Interviews: Involves the interviewer asking various questions from the interviewee to understand and gain an insight of their behavior and attitudes also called word association. Although it gives valuable qualitative information it may be impractical to be carried out, due to the large number of Starbucks coffee consumers, this research method being expensive and also time consuming. Consumer Panels: Starbucks developed sites like Facebook, YouTube, Starbucks RED and MyStarbucksIdea.com where customers can share their thoughts with other customers as well as current employees (Starbucks, 2010). Observations: The trained observer watches and records the behavior of the consumers. To identify and to understand the consumption patterns, Starbucks can use this method to learn more about the customers demographics, age, ethnicities, and their simple reactivity towards an advertisement having in mind the implication of  this research technique. Focus groups: Informal non-structured discussions among actual customers, qualitative research involving a moderator to understand the customers view point about the product, price and the brand equity. Starbucks carries out online focus groups to reach customers easily in various geographical locations. Secondary Data methods: Secondary Research involves the use of data previously collected for other purposes. Information includes documents within the company such as annual reports, also the reports of the stockholders, media results and reviews are basic qualitative information available online and in other means, that can be accessed easily with more convenience also its significantly cheaper than primary information. Other methods Include: Government records: include a lot of information about consumer market, companies websites and records etc. This information will of highly valuable use to Starbucks because it helps them make important decisions like whether to expand specialty operations to consumers at shops, travel, work etc. Usually a cost benefit analysis is carried out at this stage. Consumer Records: Starbucks keeps a record of customers personal and financial information which is acquired when customers purchase items using Starbucks Card or other forms. This data can be used to respond to customer service issues, create personalized promotions, and communicate with customers about their orders and/or specific job opportunities (Starbucks, 2010). Website: Starbucks uses information about the use of website like the ISP, domain, browser, what pages are requested etc. The purpose of this is to ease access and convenience to customers and identify what is of interest to them by the pages they visit. 1.1.5 ANALYZING AND PRESENTING THE FINDINGS Once the information is collected the next step is analysis which involves interpreting and drawing conclusions from the collected information. Clean the data- The researcher first organizes the data and analyze by using different techniques in marketing research. Cross Tabulation- Its the degree of influence the independent variable upon the dependent variable, e.g. In Starbucks variable can be how strong the brand value and image of the company to its customers. The researchers can use such sophisticated methods like regression analysis, hypothesis testing, and measures of association. Perceptual Mapping- After research customer views are plotted on a chart to understand the customers view on experience, product, price, etc. Starbucks can use this method to segment the market of customers. After the completion of Data Analysis the researcher must prepare a report or communicate the findings with the management. The marketing researcher must ensure the results are credible and justified. This step involves the conclusion of whether Starbucks would be profitable and retain its growth in England in the long-run, and also include recommendations on how it could be achieved to guide the management. (Lamb C.W. et al, 2008).

The Leadership Of Shakh Zayed Bin Sultan History Essay

The Leadership Of Shakh Zayed Bin Sultan History Essay Introduction During history there were many bright models of leadership that can be considered and analyzed to represent the successful leadership. Years ago United Arab Emirates has born many successful leaders such as Shakh Zayed Bin Sultan AL Nahyan. This report will identify who was Shakh Zayed Bin Sultan AL Nahyan and why I chose him as a successful leader. After that report will crucially analysis and evaluate his leadership and will shed some light to his leadership style. Report also will discuss the characters to rule his country. Finally report will go through his weaknesses and draw the conclusion. Zayed Bin Sultan AL Nahyan (1918 2004) Profile According to Mitera (2007) Shakh Zayed Bin Sultan AL Nhahyan was born in Emirate of Abu Dhabi in 1918. Shakh Sayed was the grandson of a ruler who contributes to establish of the AL Nhyan family in Abu Dhabi Sheikh Said Bin Halifax AL Nahyan. He becomes ruler of Emirate of Abu Dhabi in 1966 after the waiver of his eldest brother Shakh Shakhabot to him in 1966. Then in 1971 he elected as Unite Arab Emirates president. When he was child, Shakh Zayed studied the holy Koran, portray, some basic Arabic language and Islam roles because that time only this kind of education was available. Shakh Zayed had marry 8 wifes during his life (according to Islam rules a man allow to marry 4 wife only but in this case because of some of them where died) he left In addition to his wifes 19 boys when he pass away In 2004. Why Shakh Zayed not other? Im concern in reading history, sharply history of Gulf country; during my reading a good example of leader take my attention Shakh Zayed who was the greatest ruler of United Arab Emirates in the Arab history. Shakh Said had made UAE a stronger, wealthier and grater state, he had given his country a new poison in international relation and final achievement which make hem the grater leader during Arab history. He had successfully combined seven Emirates in one country named United Arab Emirates. The age of Shakh Zayed the grandson of the one of creator of the AL Nhayan family in the Emirates, is considered one of the most successful eras that UAE saw in the 20th century, if not the most successful ever, even with the many difficulties he faced while building the Emirate of Abu Dhabi and the UAE as well over years of ruling. Historians considered that the personality of Shakh Said was definitely one of the main personalities of the AL Nahyan family, who played a crucial role in the Emi rates history and the Gulf. During Arab history Shakh Zayed can be considered as one of the most important number in modern and contemporary for the following reasons: He is successfully combined 7 emirates in on country named United Arab Emirates. The respect that he commanded from rulers of Europe, Asia, Africa, and the USA. He apply diplomacy rather than military force within a very delicate balance to achieve his goals to maintain the independence of UAE Island (Abu Musa and Greater and Lesser Tunbs) when Iran occupied it. His policy was based on sensible diplomatic skill that made UAE one of the important Arab countries ever during his rule. His ancestry where unlimited. He donated to many countries in Asia and Africa like ( Palestine, Lebanon, Kosovo and may others ) He changes UAE from place of desert to green paradise. His confidence in protection of the environment due nothing to modern fashions. Analyzing the leadership of Shakh Zayed Leaders are group of people with extraordinary features they are able to shape events and change the circumstances. According to these words our leader has an inherited leadership. Huczynski Buchanan (2007) has stated that there are number of leadership theories such as trait theory: Trait theory: believe on a leader is born not made (Huczynski Buchanan, 2007). Our leader has ascribed to his grandfather Shakh Zayed Bin Halifax who was one of who state of AL Nahyan family who had rolled Emirate of Abu Dhabi from 1855 to 1909, (Macmillan, 1997) and from his father Shakh Sultan Bin Zayed how also ruled Abu Dhabi from 1918 to 1926 (Macamillan, 1997). Consequently, to gain experience Shakh Zayed appointed in 1946 as a ruler of AL Ain Town (Tamam, 1971). The traits theory focused on initiative, intelligence, good health, confidence, control, ect. However the theory shape that people having these traits do not necessarily doing good leadership. (Huczynski Buchanan, 2007). Doing an assessment to the life story of any the Leader we should refer to the time he was living and situation of his beginning. When Shakh Zayed father pass away he was at the a go of ten years and it was difficult to ruled but later he was un happy with the ruling way of his brother Shakhbut, how ruled Abu Dhabi from 1928 to 1966, and didnt made any changed to his peoples, (poor and hunger remained same). Where he can be a slayer but he preferred to maintain life and authority. He understood that leadership skills can be erudite developed and enhanced; this man can develop into a leader in the group by reaching his goals. Posts linked with the select of target and find ways to reach the objective. In 1966 and according to Mitera (2007) the time of grandson of the ruling AL Nahyan was starting in Abu Dhabi to bring the brighter time that Abu Dhabi expected during the 20th century. According to the historian Shakh Zayed was one of the most famous facts in his family that ruled, he played major role in Abu Dhabi, UAE, Gulf, Arab and the word. Has an active ruling not nominal, Shakh Zayed discovered that his predecessors had on Abu Dhabi, kind of sovereignty ambiguous, his prescience was able him to make real sovereignty by combining those struggle emirates in one joined and powerful county that Arab saw. Traits theory according to Huczynaki Buschanan (2007) has number of personal traits such as confidence, intelligence and control. Shakh Zayed success combines a leader as this theory, on this aspect the successful leader is able to combine conventional characters and skills gained in the leadership and inborn from his father and grandfather as well. Also he verifies that as a leader, he is able to expand the feature and add experience. Mitera (2007) has describe Shakh Zayed as modest leader because of his attractive personality which attracted hem and raise respect, loyalty and bring citizens satisfaction. When he passes away President George W. Bush describe him He was a great leader, a statesman (Gulf News). According to Stewart Crawford British Resident, Bahrain from (1968 1968), Shakh Zayed was handsome man, moderate, strength, love portray and hunting, has good character, debonair and of abroad vision. (Mitera, 2007). Shakh Zayed has combing character and minimalist mixed in his actions as the situation, compassion, tolerance, an acumen, cruelly, firmness, violence and revenge. This characterized make him loved and frightens at the same time, many and varied aspect of his personality. His effected behaviors during his Golding period which more than 85 years moved into his property in Emirates made him believed that the leader can be affect by a group of his subordinates and he focuses on it. In the last days of his rule he preferred justice as much as possible in Emirates so that can oversee his country very well, this also delivered his relationship with the Emirates tribes leaders and kings of others countries. This can be finding it clear in when he sign board agreement with his neighbors. Shakh Zayed has create comfort for this followers in working environment, he was interesting on satisfying their need by giving them opportunity to participate and indecision making also he provides him with procedures and clear expectation. In the other hand he set to satisfy their subordinates goals, helping them to develop their confidence and reassure them their leader. Historian like Mitera (2007) has described Shakh Zayed simplicity by a person how wearing simple cloths, sit-down with his people hearing them, dance with them which it was difficult to distinguish between him and any other citizen. According to Arthir Lamb, British Residency who had the opportunity to meet Shakh Sayed Said, the good example of reverence and pity, simple and modest and he was far from the dominance, egotism and estrangement. Walfar Tesgar or as they called him in Arabic Mubarak Bin London has described hem in his book Sand in Arabian Island Zayed a strong man in his thirtieth of age, clever, simple and quiet (Tamam,1981). He went by himself to congratulate his people in marriage parties and gives consolation on death. To maintain his Emirates, Shakh Zayed had been able to enhance his internal relationship as will to manage his international relationship with some Arabian and European countries likes Brittan, KSA and Oman. In 1971 according to (Gulf News) when Britain left the gulf he sign friendship agreement with them representing his country and Sir Geoffry Arthur represent Britain. He was completed by circumstances to reach to sign border agreement with Oman, (Asharq Alawasat News Paper, 2002), to developed friendly relationship with neighbor. In addition to that his extensive agreement exchange with KSA. By achieving this goal, Shakh Zayed has distanced his country from connecting in such international problems. Shakh Zayed had expanded this country economy to step where UAE was getting many of its impotents from word economy. This policy was based on his realistic diplomatic skill that made UAE one of the most important country and this can be find it clear from what Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi said the late president succeeded with outstanding leadership in the social and economic development of the country. (Gulf News). A leader find a way to change, Shakh Zayed eventually change his country from desert without any kind of life to green oasis surrounded the threes and water from everywhere he said a drop of water in the desert equals a beating pulse.(Gulf News). After the successful transition from unknown country to a source of political, social, economical in Arab word. As leader to his follower he has well-known the desert very well, this makes him will Known as Shakh of Desert(Miatra, 2004). He said I believe one who does not know his past will not understand the present, nor will he be able to prepare the future.(gulf News). To build up his relationships with some influential country like Britain and France he attends international conference about offshore oil. Most historians have praised the wise leadership in the leadership of his country. A leader how concern about his citizens and after that journey he remember later how impressed he had been by the level of education and medicals that these country retch, becoming strong-minded that his citizens should have the same benefit from that facilities he said the asset of any advanced nation is its people, especially the educated ones, and the prosperity and success of the people are measured by the standard of their education.(Gulf News). benefiting from hate of conspiracies, Shakh Zayed steady his cabinet of UAE to make him able to maintain the independence of his country balance of using diplomacy over military force in order to reach its objectives. Effectively he coordinates between the parties in his country to guide their work to wand to achieve the goals and promote the highest level of performance effectiveness. According to Mitera (2007) Zayed has overcome the obstacles and personal conflicts between the royals of Emirates which required from him permanent contact with the constantly reminded the motivation for cooperation which create a team spirit integrated united goals and aspirations. Shakh Zayed was a dealer who has not have that large of military force, only his survival in power was to receive the consent of people and leader. He has taken a new approach in giving the mandate more power of authorities from occupied force. As prince rather than money collector he tried to improved his citizens income and this can be find it clear from what he said the money has no valve if not used to serve the citizen (Mitira, 2007) so he involve in distribute some of country income to his populations like Marry Fund aimed to help youth to reduce marry expenses. A man who harmonized with nature. This achieves him to focus on conservation of nature and environment which become one of key elements of government policy. This has approved by the massive programme of planting 150 million trees. Shakh Zayed Leadership Style Huczynski Buchunan (2007) has divided the leadership style into three types: Autocratic style, (where a leader compact the authority), Democratic style, (a leader in valves followers in decision making, encourage participation in deciding work methods and goals, given a authority and take feed back to control followers), Fair style, (giving follower kind of freedom to make decision and to decide on their work). As required by the state and politics that time, Shakh Zayed might be collecting Democratic style, because he inclined more approach democracy in the meeting with seven emirates rulers and advisers, he also open this door to see the public. He didnt decline any citizens want to meet him individually. The citizens consider him as a father rather than a ruler. He used to received people by kindness and listen to their complaints (www.uae.org.br/_PDF/zayed.pdf), he was effective solving-problems and effectively decision making spicily when crises acquired in the country, he was not hesitate to move quickly to solve any problem happen. According to Tamam (1981) Shakh Zayed was smiley leader he uses to receive his people in smiley face, on other hand he was astringent in dealing with things that effect equity which makes his family and followers afraid from hem. As far as we knew that UAE become wider this expands need responsibility and control. Aiming that Shakh Zayed has utilized his subordinates to achieve his style, so he authorized governors appointed by administration areas. When he left the country for some circumstances and as sort of encouragement to his pray minister he delegate hem to administrate the government of UAE and his brother Halifax to responsible Abu Dhabi. The charismatic Of Shakh Zayed The power settled to the leaders and varies in contact and reach spread sources of leadership. Leader need to have skills based on his behavior and characters. Successful leader need to have some skills to insure the success of its function. Leader likes working: A man in nature is lazy, but this not in shape our leader how was starting his day early morning driving his car by himself avoiding any corteges to see a project her and there, in many times when he return back home he stopped to lesion his peoples problems this was to gave his follower a good example of loving work to achieve their responsibilities. Dominated by followers who are wishing to work, he retained the eminent personalities to choose advisers and ministers who assist referees in the carry out of the country (Tamam, 1981). A leader who discover and train leaders: as a trainer, supervised by hem he trained the possible of each subordinates member this find interest and self-belief use to help him to carry out his duties. According to Tamam (1981) Shakh Zayed preferred choosing a powerful and strong leader to manage the please after that he gives them enough authorities and opportunities to build up themselves using their experiences and learn from their mistakes. Organizing responsibilities: Shakh Zayed distribute the responsibilities between his subordinates as aspiration, competencies, capabilities and expertise to be able to rule his country Tamam (1981) and leader suspended direct efforts to reach the goals. Dealing with problems: maybe some negative problems that might happen in the country but he has his own ethics to quell the problems, he expects the troubles before it occurred so he do not have to put down after it rise. Observation: Shakh Zayed beloved that one of the most important leader duty to observe his followers. This makes his duty easy for giving orders to supervise the implementation. Cooperation with other leaders: Shakh Zayed ties with GCC Leaders who was marked by reserved mutual respect and because of this respect he was successful lead the first meeting of GCC Conceal in Abu Dhabi. All leaders were in confrontation with who to develop their countries. His Weaknesses: So far and as a leader who has that grate of loved by this citizen and respect from word leaders I cant find any weaknesses but if we considered that number of boys that he left it might they fight for power. Conclusion It is helpful to end this report by saying that, Shakh Zayed was great, smart and successful leader has high ethics, sample and loved by his people. During his ruling period, Abu Dhabi and United Arab Emirates combined, grown and developed. Guided by the wisdom foresight of its president. The result has been the creation of modern state with high infrastructure as well as heath an education. References Asharq Alawasat News Paper, 23 June 2002 issue No.8608 Burke, W., Litwin, G. (1992). A causal model of organizational performance and change. Journal of Management, 18(3), 523-545. Goleman, d. and Boyatzis, R. (Sep. 2008) Intelligence and Biology of Leadership, Harvard Business Review, 74 78. Grint, K. (April 2008). Leadership, task and relationship. Human Resource Management Journal, 18, 188 195 Gulf News, Wednesday, November 3, 2004. Sheikh Zayed Passes away House, R. J., Aditya, R. N. (1997). The social scientific study of leadership. Quo vadis? Journal of Management, 23, 409-473. http:// www.uae.org.br/_PDF/zayed.pdf date of access 24/02/2010 Huczynski, A. and Buchanan, D. (2007). Organizational Behavior. 6th edition. London: Prentice Hall Kotter, J. P. (1990). A forceful change: How leadership differs from Management. New York: Free Press. Macmillan.J, (1997).United Arab Emirates Year Book 1997. London: Trident Press Ltd. Mitera. J (2007). Zayed From Challenge To Union (Arabic Copy), Center for Documentation Research Abu Dhabi, UAE Posner, Kouzes, (2003). The Leadership challenge. Third edition Tamam. H (1981). Zayed Bin Sultan Leader and Demonstration (Arabic Copy).2nd edition. Tokyo. Die Neebon Press Ltd.

Edgar Allen Poes The Tell-Tale Heart and the Symbolism of the Eye Essa

Edgar Allen Poe is the genius responsible for dark, twisting, and often uncomfortably wondrous gothic tales, and one of the best is 'The Tell-Tale Heart.' This is a classic tale of a confused man who is so incredibly bothered by his housemate's eye, that he (I am assuming this sexless character is male) thinks the only solution is to resort to cold-blooded murder. Poe incorporates the symbol of the old man's eye in 'The Tell-Tale Heart,' which has both physical and psychological meaning, it also helps to develop the plot and central conflicts in the story. The eye allows a better understanding of the narrator's mental state, represents an omniscient/fatherly figure, and helps illustrate the theme of good verses evil. The story?s conflict revolves around the narrator plotting, planning, and executing a man?s death, yet it is the eye that causes this man?s obsession with murder. Another important conflict in the story is that of the narrators struggle to prove he is sane, he does this by trying to make the eye seem evil, more evil than his own deeds. The only reason the narrator gives for his decision of murder is the man?s eye, and it is the eye the narrator must see before he can actually kill the man. In the end of the story, the disposing of the eye actually leads to the narrator?s downfall. As you can see, the eye is the story?s main conflict, which helps to develop the plot, and really allows for a deeper understanding of the story. The author uses the eye to provide clues as to why the narrator is so unreliable. ?I think it was his eye! Yes, it was this!? (Poe 721), the narrator uses the statement ?I think?, implying that he is obviously not very sure, and definitely unstable, since something he ?thinks? is a problem... ..., which is one reason why he?s trying to prove himself as sane. This theme can be tied into the fatherly figure, by showing his struggle to stay ?good? in the eyes of his father, yet we have already established that he really does understand that he is going insane, and since he comprehends this transition, he must kill the judging fatherly figure so he doesn?t see his turn to ?evil.? The eye helps to show the narrators spiral into insanity, the father/son relationship occurring between the narrator and old man, and the ever transient theme of good verses evil. ?The Tale-Tell Heart? uses such blatant symbolism that it?s almost easy to skip right over and not notice, but the understanding of the ?eye? is the key to this famous tale. Edgar Allan Poe is absolutely ingenious, and for obvious reasons his work will always be considered as distinguished ?classics?.

Analysis of Keats To Autumn Essay -- Keats To Autumn Essays Poetry

Analysis of Keats' To Autumn  Ã‚   John Keats' poem To Autumn is essentially an ode to Autumn and the change of seasons. He was apparently inspired by observing nature; his detailed description of natural occurrences has a pleasant appeal to the readers' senses.   Keats also alludes to a certain unpleasantness connected to Autumn, and links it to a time of death.   However, Keats' association between stages of Autumn and the process of dying does not take away from the "ode" effect of the poem.      The three-stanza poem seems to create three distinct stages of Autumn:   growth,   harvest, and death.   The theme going in the first stanza is that Autumn is a season of fulfilling, yet the theme ending the final stanza is that Autumn is a season of dying.   However, by using the stages of Autumn's as a metaphor for the process of death, Keats puts the concept of death in a different, more favorable light.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the first stanza, the "growth" stanza, Keats appeals to our sense of visualization.   The reader pictures a country setting, such as a cottage with a yard full of fruit trees and flowers.   In his discussion of the effects of Autumn on nature, Keats brilliantly personifies Autumn.   A personification is when an object or a concept is presented in such a way as to give life or human characteristics to the idea or concept.   Not only does Keats speak of Autumn as if it had life, (e.g., in lines 2 and 3, where he creates a friendship between Autumn and the sun, in which they "conspire" to "load and bless" the trees with ripe, bountiful fruit), but he also gives personality to the life-form Autumn.   He first defines Autumn as a "season of mist and mellow fruitfulness."   The references to both "mist" and "mellow... ...ch as funerals, or recessionals.   It is appropriate that this change of imagery into musical imagery in the final stanza because it is not only the end of the poem, but it is the description of the end of Autumn as well ("While barred clouds bloom the soft-dying day").   The use of the word "soft" in "soft-dying day" helps to take away the "Grim Reaper" sense of death and define it as a natural, inevitable occurrence that ends a cycle.      The final line "and gathering swallows twitter in the skies" gives the reader a definite sense of ending (the swallows are preparing to migrate for the winter season).   At this point, the poem seems to comes to a rest, and this final line creates an effective sense of closure. Bibliography: "To Autumn". The Norton Anthology of English Literature. Ed. M.H. Abrams. New York: W.W. norton, Inc., 2000.          Analysis of Keats' To Autumn Essay -- Keats To Autumn Essays Poetry Analysis of Keats' To Autumn  Ã‚   John Keats' poem To Autumn is essentially an ode to Autumn and the change of seasons. He was apparently inspired by observing nature; his detailed description of natural occurrences has a pleasant appeal to the readers' senses.   Keats also alludes to a certain unpleasantness connected to Autumn, and links it to a time of death.   However, Keats' association between stages of Autumn and the process of dying does not take away from the "ode" effect of the poem.      The three-stanza poem seems to create three distinct stages of Autumn:   growth,   harvest, and death.   The theme going in the first stanza is that Autumn is a season of fulfilling, yet the theme ending the final stanza is that Autumn is a season of dying.   However, by using the stages of Autumn's as a metaphor for the process of death, Keats puts the concept of death in a different, more favorable light.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the first stanza, the "growth" stanza, Keats appeals to our sense of visualization.   The reader pictures a country setting, such as a cottage with a yard full of fruit trees and flowers.   In his discussion of the effects of Autumn on nature, Keats brilliantly personifies Autumn.   A personification is when an object or a concept is presented in such a way as to give life or human characteristics to the idea or concept.   Not only does Keats speak of Autumn as if it had life, (e.g., in lines 2 and 3, where he creates a friendship between Autumn and the sun, in which they "conspire" to "load and bless" the trees with ripe, bountiful fruit), but he also gives personality to the life-form Autumn.   He first defines Autumn as a "season of mist and mellow fruitfulness."   The references to both "mist" and "mellow... ...ch as funerals, or recessionals.   It is appropriate that this change of imagery into musical imagery in the final stanza because it is not only the end of the poem, but it is the description of the end of Autumn as well ("While barred clouds bloom the soft-dying day").   The use of the word "soft" in "soft-dying day" helps to take away the "Grim Reaper" sense of death and define it as a natural, inevitable occurrence that ends a cycle.      The final line "and gathering swallows twitter in the skies" gives the reader a definite sense of ending (the swallows are preparing to migrate for the winter season).   At this point, the poem seems to comes to a rest, and this final line creates an effective sense of closure. Bibliography: "To Autumn". The Norton Anthology of English Literature. Ed. M.H. Abrams. New York: W.W. norton, Inc., 2000.         

Renaissance Changed the Individuality of Humans

How the Renaissance Changed the Individuality of Humans The Renaissance changed how people viewed themselves from the Middle Ages when Christianity was so important. Human anatomy, man's temperament, man's role in the universe and people in art all show the decreased importance of Christianity and the increased importance of how individuals viewed themselves. The perception of human anatomy and its function from the Middle Ages to the Renaissance has changed greatly and diminished the importance of Christianity. The first theory, â€Å"Zodiac Man,† believed that each sign of the zodiac ruled a part of the DOD.A zodiac is a constellation, which is part of the universe that God created. With the importance of Christianity, people in Europe at this time surely did believe that these constellations were controlling the body (Document H). Belgian physician, Andrea Vesuvius, who actually dissected the human body to better explain what actually happened, made another theory about how the human body worked. He discovered this hypothesis over 30 years after Johann; this new notion better explained how the body actually works and was more realistic (Document I).After the announcing of this new theory, the importance of how individuals viewed themselves were increased while people were starting to question how important Christianity really was. Man's temperament through plays showed how Christianity was all that the people of the Middle Ages could think about but then there is a gradual change of how Christianity was viewed in the Renaissance. Plays were conducted for people who were illiterate, this play is written by an unknown author at the start of the Renaissance but the lines of the play carry a meaning straight out of the Middle Ages.Many at this time knew that God was perfect and people felt that they also needed to be flawless in order to go to heaven and live an eternal life. The author starts the play off by saying that sin in the beginning is â€Å"ful l sweet† but in the end â€Å"cachets thy soul to weep† (Document D). The author is saying that people should not commit a sin otherwise they will go to hell. He also states that the individuals should listen to what God has to say in order to live a good life. Otherwise, Shakespeare states, â€Å"what a piece of work is man† (Document E).This line, along with the rest of he excerpt is dictating that men do make mistakes; they aren't perfect because no one is. These two passages from the plays show the different perception of religion, the excerpt from the Middle Ages is stricter on Christianity and how it is perceived thane excerpt from the Renaissance, where how sin is morally accepted because of everyone's imperfections. Man's role in the universe shrunk the importance of Christianity and amplified man's sense of individuality from the different drawings of the universe and how the two developed and changed people's understanding it.Ptolemy developed a theory f the universe that he himself and other scholars believed during the Middle Ages, and that was that earth was the center of the universe. God, having created the universe and the world in which the nation lived, the scholars believed that it would be â€Å"geocentric† (Document F). A new concept came along by Copernicus; he believed that the sun was the center of the universe by only relying on mathematics (Document G).Since the universe had been noted as being â€Å"heliocentric,† people started relying less on Christianity and started trusting themselves as individuals. People in art developed more knowledge on paintings and developed new artistic tales at the time of the Renaissance, which caused them to lead off of Christianity in their paintings and focus more on people and how they are perceived. Faces in the paintings from the Middle Ages through to the end of the Renaissance changed, scenes became less biblical and more realistic.In the Middle Ages, the painti ng was very religious. This biblical scene shows Mary and Jesus surrounded by angels, her face does not look accurate, especially not as accurate as a face that one would see in present time. Also, Jesus does not resemble a baby but looks more like a miniature an (Document A). With a drastic change, the Mona Lisa shocked many people with how realistic her smile is. Whenever in a room with this painting, the eyes will always follow which is a relatively new artistic style at this time (Document B).The real difference between these two paintings is that in the one from the Middle Ages, the artist does not know what Mary nor Jesus looks like because they lived in the biblical age, dying long before the Middle Ages therefore the artist trying to perceive the image of them is difficult. Contrarily, the Mona Lisa is a real model posing for the painting. In dad Vine's work, there is no sign of a biblical scene in his objective. Leonardo portrait helped people in the Renaissance stray from Christianity and appreciate themselves as individuals.Literacy at the time of the Renaissance started to spread, more educated people started questioning the teachings of the Church. Humanism, a movement where people developed, praised the beauty and intelligence of the individual started to advance at this time. Humanism worked its way into the arts, literature, the sciences and medicine. It started to change the individuality of humans through the human anatomy and how the constellations that ere first controlling the body but have now learnt that humans are the ones to actually control themselves on what they do and say.Man's temperament and how plays taught people that sometimes people sin because no one is perfect. Man's role in the universe and the two different drawings show that the earth is not the center of the universe but the sun is. People in art drifted from biblical scenes and started to focus more on people and the realism in painting real figures. These things all s how the decreased importance of Christianity and the increased importance of how individuals viewed themselves.

Demonstrating communication skills Essay

Communication with employees will guarantee alignment with the organization’s overall strategy (mission- vision- goals). Supervisors could use internal communication to provide a supportive working environment with a clear set of expectations for all staff. As a result employees will have a better understanding of the decisions made by the organizations, so supervisors could avoid miss expectations by developing and maintaining communication channels with employees. Figure (1) shows some channels to communicate strategic information 1. 1 Efficient Intranet â€Å"The intranet is one of the best and most valuable tools available for employee communication. A company intranet can help employees and HR save time by giving employees instant access to contact lists, company policies, announcements, training opportunities, and benefits information. † (Business & Legal Reports, 2007a1, p. 1). However, â€Å"the company should take some steps to achieve this communication channel such as: update frequently, make it simple and easy, provide a search feature, track the usage, organize locally according to departments ad teams, provide a starting page for each department, include files, documents, policies, and procedures, list phone extensions and contact lists, allow for feedback forms, use a content management. † (Business & Legal Reports, 2007a1, p. 1-2). 1. 2 Open Book Management Style or Dissemination of strategic information Rubin, L. and Merripen, C.(2003) presented this practice which includes sharing information with employees for better understanding of management decisions. Employees became better informed about the business and feel more inclusive and entrepreneurial about their contribution and impact. Then employees moved their focus from just their job to looking at the company as a whole. † (p. 4) Collins, R. and Druten, K. V. (2003) â€Å"found a strong link between organizational performance over the past three years and the emphasis placed on communicating information to all members about the organization’s purpose, aspirations, strategy and performance. † Figure (1) shows some communication channels that managers and supervisors could use to communicate strategic information with employees. Figure (1): Channels to communicate strategic information Source: Collins, R. and Druten, K. V. (2003). Human Resources Management Practices 1. Determining Effective Orientation and Training Methods 2. 1 Best practices for effective orientation New employees orientation is important to facilitate the integration of new employees in the organization with understanding the organization’s culture, mission, vision and values. Orsini, B. (2000) presented some best practices for new employees orientation such as: â€Å"sessions for new employees to introduce them to the organization and provide them with an overview of the organizational mandate and structure, mentoring new employees by a staff member, profile of employee new to group by within a local newsletter or e-mail, and office tours as an opportunity to meet staff face-to-face and get a sense of what they do†. 2. 2 Best practices for effective training methods. Training nowadays is not a luxury anymore. Due to the competitive marketplace and the complexity of jobs, training became a necessity for surviving and competing for both organizations and employees. Recently. There is â€Å"much greater emphasis on training as a means to cultivate, motivate, and retain quality workers†. (Hays, S. W. , 2004, p. 261) â€Å"Operationally, supervisors and managers are responsible for ensuring their employees get the training they need and/or the opportunity to attend the training classes. † (Bjomberg, L. , 2002) 2. 2. 1 Learning for life Program To show how could such practice help the organization, it’s useful to mention a real case study. For example, â€Å"Honeywell Limited’s Scarborough factory developed a learning for life program to improve productivity and quality and reduce costs in an effort to remain competitive in the global economy. Eighty percent of the factory participated in this program and Honeywell has increased its factory throughput by 180% and improved the quality of its products by 92%†. (The Conference Board of Canada, 1998, p. 5) This innovative program â€Å"developed more productive employees, increased productivity, improved quality, effective collaborative decision-making, improved communication skills. † (The Conference Board of Canada, 1998, p. 5) 2. 2. 2 Other best practices The Conference Board of Canada (1998) presented many other best practices in training or workplace literacy such as: ? Empowering adult learners ? Excellence in workplace literacy? Skills for a stable workplace ? Literacy through e-learning ? Establishing a baseline for training ? Peer tutoring: employee helping employees Such practices has resulted in increased productivity, reduced staff turnover, enhanced performance, improved quality, effective collaborative decision-making, improved communication skills, in another word, it helped in creating a positive environment for both the employer and employees because benefits was achieved for both of them. 2. Improving Productivity for Teams Improving productivity for teams and for employees in general is the ultimate goal for all organizations to maximize the overall performance. And because we are talking about humans or employees, improving productivity should include creating a convenient environment that could help them to work productively.